What We Actually Mean When We Say “Favour”
Somewhere between the worship service and the car park, the word “favour” became Nigeria’s most overworked theological export. It has been stitched onto T-shirts, screamed into microphones, and deployed as a kind of spiritual password — say it enough times with enough conviction and perhaps heaven’s gates will creak open. We have turned a profound biblical category into a refrain, and in doing so, we have managed to chase after the thing while losing the map that leads to it.
So before we go any further, let us be honest about what we are actually talking about.
The Hebrew word in these Proverbs is ratson — a word that means delight, goodwill, acceptance, the pleasure of a superior extended toward someone beneath them. When the Bible says a person “obtains favour from the LORD,” it is not describing a transaction. It is describing a posture. God, who owes nothing to anyone, turning toward a person with warmth. The King of the universe, pleased. That is not a small thing to want. That is not something you can manufacture with enough seed offerings and prophetic declarations.
And yet Proverbs — that magnificent, unsentimental book of wisdom — tells us there are concrete, liveable pathways into exactly that. Not formulas. Pathways. Three of them, each one anchored to a specific verse, each one connecting to the whole sweep of Scripture when you follow the thread far enough.
I want to show you what I found when I followed those threads. Bring your Bible. This gets good.
The Passage Everyone Quotes and Almost Nobody Finishes Reading
The first pathway is in Proverbs 8:35, and the voice speaking it is not Solomon’s. It is Wisdom herself:
“For whoever finds me finds life and obtains favour from the LORD.” — Proverbs 8:35 (ESV) Now, Proverbs 8 is one of the most arresting pieces of writing in the entire Old Testament. Wisdom has been crying out from the crossroads since verse 1 — standing at the city gates, the busiest intersection she can find, calling out to everyone passing by. She is not whispering from a seminary library. She is in the street. She is urgent. And when she finally describes herself in verses 22 through 31, she says something that should stop you cold: she was there at the beginning. Before the mountains were shaped, before the seas were given their borders, before the first grain of dust was scattered into existence — Wisdom was beside God, like a master craftsman, a delight to Him, rejoicing in all He made.
Read that again slowly. Wisdom is not a skill you acquire in a classroom. She pre-exists creation.
This is where the New Testament does what it does best: it takes the Old Testament’s poetry and names it.
“But to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.” — 1 Corinthians 1:24 (ESV) Paul is not being metaphorical. He is being precise. The Wisdom crying out at the crossroads in Proverbs 8 — the one who was with God from the beginning, through whom the world was made — is Jesus Christ. John had already said as much in his Gospel’s opening lines: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him.” (John 1:1-3, ESV). Colossians 2:3 seals it: in Christ “are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.”
So when Proverbs 8:35 says that whoever finds wisdom finds life, it is not giving you a productivity tip. It is pointing you to a person. We did not find wisdom; wisdom found us. And she did it by putting on skin and walking into the city that would crucify her.
The practical force of this truth is harder than it sounds. To pursue wisdom as a pathway to God’s favour means something more costly than attending Bible study on Wednesday evenings, though that is not nothing. It means submitting your decision-making to Christ. Not consulting him when the shortcuts have already failed, but starting there. The Nigerian proverb puts it plainly: “The child who is not embraced by the village will burn it down to feel its warmth.” Wisdom begins in relationship. And relationship with Christ — genuine, costly, daily relationship — is not something you can outsource to a pastor, however gifted he may be.
I have watched people spend their entire spiritual lives chasing favour while systematically avoiding the one person who is both its source and its path. They sow seeds into every offering basket within driving distance. They buy anointed water by the litre. They will do anything, it seems, except actually sit with the Word, actually submit to the discipline of following Jesus when it is inconvenient, actually choose the harder road because it is his road. Wisdom weeps at those crossroads still. She is not hard to find. We are simply very good at walking past her on the way to something that promises faster results.
Find wisdom. Find Jesus. Everything else — including favour — follows from that.
The Man Who Made God’s Short List
The second pathway is blunter:
“A good man obtains favour from the LORD, but a man of wicked schemes he condemns.” — Proverbs 12:2 (ESV) Proverbs is not known for its sentimentality, and this verse is no exception. It draws a clean line down the middle of the page: good man, favour; wicked schemer, condemnation. No middle category. No asterisks.
Now, before you panic, the word “good” here requires some honesty. The Hebrew tov simply means beneficial, wholesome, ordered toward the right end. The good man in Proverbs is not a man without failure. He is a man whose heart is oriented correctly — who, when he falls, gets up and reorients. Proverbs 24:16 says it plainly: “The righteous falls seven times and rises again, but the wicked stumble in calamity.” What defines the righteous man is not the absence of falling. It is the direction of his rising.
Scripture has already shown us this man in living colour. When Noah’s generation had turned itself inside out, corrupted beyond recognition, Moses writes this with quiet devastation in Genesis 6:5: “The LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.” And then, in the very next breath, the exception: “But Noah found favour in the eyes of the LORD.” (Genesis 6:8, ESV). Two verses. The entire world on one side of the ledger, one man on the other. Why? Genesis 6:9 tells us: Noah was “a righteous man, blameless in his generation,” and crucially, “Noah walked with God.”
Walking with God. Not performing for God. Not transacting with God. Walking. The Yoruba say that the child who follows an elder on the road will not get lost; they may not understand every turning, but they arrive. Noah did not understand the flood before it came. He understood the God who warned him about it, and that was enough.
Proverbs 3:3-4 extends the picture:
“Let not steadfast love and faithfulness forsake you; bind them around your neck; write them on the tablet of your heart. So you will find favour and good success in the sight of God and man.” — Proverbs 3:3-4 (ESV) Notice that phrase good success in the sight of God and man. Favour from God has a way of being legible to the people around you. Not always immediately. Not always loudly. But a life of steady integrity, of refusing the wicked scheme when it would have been so easy, of choosing faithfulness when unfaithfulness was better compensated — that life accumulates a credibility that no amount of religious activity can manufacture.
I know a man who worked in an industry where padding contracts was simply what everyone did. A percentage here, a kickback there — the whole ecosystem was built on it. He was a Christian. He attended a respectable church. He prayed every morning. He also padded contracts. For years, he told himself these were separate categories of his life. The Sunday self and the Monday self had not yet been introduced to each other. Then one morning, in an ordinary quiet time, he read Proverbs 12:2 and could not shake it. A man of wicked schemes. He knew exactly what he was. It took time, and it cost him relationships and money when he stopped. But within three years, his business had grown honestly, inexplicably in ways he still struggles to explain without sounding like a testimony service. Favour found him — not because God rewarded his suffering, but because his life had finally become a place where favour could live.
The New Testament grounds this in something even deeper than moral effort. Paul tells us in Ephesians 2:8-10 that we are saved by grace, not by works — and then, without pausing, insists that we are created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them. The good man of Proverbs 12:2 is not earning his way to favour. He is becoming, by grace, the kind of person in whose direction God’s face naturally turns. That is a different thing entirely, and getting the distinction right is the difference between religion and Christianity.
A Surprising Gift, Hidden in Plain Sight
The third verse is the one that tends to raise eyebrows, particularly in theological circles that prefer their blessings to stay abstract:
“He who finds a wife finds a good thing and obtains favour from the LORD.” — Proverbs 18:22 (ESV) There it is. As specific and unspiritual-sounding as a verse can get. Finding a wife. Obtaining favour from the LORD. The same phrase used for wisdom and godly character now applied to marriage as though God wants you to know that He has very definite opinions about this particular corner of your life.
He does, as it turns out.
The excellent wife of Proverbs 31 is not a character sketch of someone’s ideal domestic partner. She is a portrait of what a life lived in wisdom and faithfulness looks like — creative, productive, generous, feared and respected, her worth beyond rubies. When a man finds a woman like this, the text says, he obtains something directly from God’s hand. Not luck. Not good fortune. Favour. The word is ratson again. God’s delight, extended.
Paul then does what he did with wisdom in 1 Corinthians — he takes this earthy Proverbs picture and reveals the cosmic thing it was always pointing to:
“Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her.” — Ephesians 5:25 (ESV) Marriage, in the biblical imagination, is not a social contract. It is a sacrament — a visible, embodied picture of the most important relationship in the universe. The love of a husband for his wife is meant to be a live demonstration of the love of Christ for his people. Sacrificial. Faithful. Seeking her good before his own. When a marriage runs on that engine, it becomes something the world can look at and say, even without understanding it: there is something different about those people.
This is why the instruction in Proverbs 18:22 is not merely romantic advice. It is theological. To find a wife is to enter into one of the primary instruments through which God images himself in the world. And entering it well — choosing wisely, building faithfully, staying when the temptation to leave sits down in your living room and makes itself comfortable — that is not merely good for you. It is an act of worship. It is the kind of life God is pleased to favour.
For the singles reading this, the verse is not a taunt. It is a preparation. Wisdom comes first (Proverbs 8:35), then character (Proverbs 12:2), and then in its proper season the gift. You cannot shortcut the order. You cannot bypass wisdom and character and simply seek the spouse, as though the blessing can be separated from the life that receives it. Africa understands this, even if the church sometimes forgets it. The Igbo say: he who brings kolanut brings life. But first you must know the rites; first you must know what the kolanut means. The blessing and the knowledge of how to hold it belong together.
When the Three Cords Become One
Now step back. Set these three verses side by side and look at what they are actually doing.
Proverbs 8:35 connects favour to the pursuit of wisdom and wisdom, as the New Testament reveals, is a person: Jesus Christ. Proverbs 12:2 connects favour to godly character — the kind that grows from a life genuinely oriented toward God. Proverbs 18:22 connects favour to a covenant marriage which is itself a picture of Christ’s relationship with the church. Each verse points, in its own direction, to the same centre.
Then Ecclesiastes 4:12 gives us the image:
“And though a man might prevail against one who is alone, two will withstand him a threefold cord is not quickly broken.” — Ecclesiastes 4:12 (ESV) One strand is vulnerable. Two are better. Three, twisted tight, become almost impossible to destroy. In the context of everything we have just walked through, those three strands are wisdom (Christ himself), character (the life transformed by grace), and covenant (marriage that images his love). And the cord they form is not metaphorical. It is the architecture of a life on which God’s favour rests.
This also loops us back to the very beginning of everything. In Genesis 1:26, God speaks in the plural: “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness.” The Trinity — Father, Son, Holy Spirit — in eternal, self-giving relationship, creating beings designed to reflect that relationship. He makes them male and female, joins them as one flesh (Genesis 2:24), and blesses them to be fruitful and multiply. Godly marriage does not merely benefit the two people in it. It participates in the creative, relational love of the triune God. It is supposed to look like something. When it does, the world notices, even when it cannot name what it is seeing.
What You Are Being Asked to Do with This
There are people reading this who have been chasing favour for years with the fervour of someone who has misread the map. Not because they are not sincere — God knows the sincerity — but because they have been told that favour is a thing you summon, a reward you extract, a result you can manufacture if you pray hard enough and give generously enough and shout the right things loudly enough. I understand that world. I grew up adjacent to it. I know the pull of it.
But the three Proverbs are not asking for your performance. They are asking for your life.
They are asking: Are you actually pursuing wisdom — not as a concept, but as a person, the living Christ, daily, honestly, submissively? Are you actually building a character that Proverbs 12:2 would recognise as “good” — not perfect, but oriented, rising when it falls, refusing the wicked scheme when the wicked scheme is offering? Are you actually treating your marriage, or your preparation for it, as something sacred — not as a social accessory or a personal project, but as an image of the most profound love story the universe contains?
Those are not easy questions. They are not the kind that yield to a three-point sermon with a memorable acronym. They are the kind that sit with you in the car on the way home and refuse to leave.
Do not run from them. That discomfort is itself a form of grace. Wisdom is still standing at the crossroads, and she is still calling.
The cord is waiting to be woven. The favour is not the reward at the end; it is what happens while you are being made into someone capable of receiving it.
Biblical References
- Proverbs 8:35 — The foundational verse for the wisdom strand; Wisdom herself declares that finding her means finding life and obtaining favour from God.
- Proverbs 8:1-3 — Establishes Wisdom crying out publicly at the crossroads and city gates, available to all who will stop and listen.
- Proverbs 8:22-31 — Wisdom’s self-description as present with God before creation, the master craftsman rejoicing in what God made.
- Proverbs 12:2 — The foundational verse for the character strand; the good man contrasted with the wicked schemer, one receiving favour and one condemnation.
- Proverbs 18:22 — The foundational verse for the marriage strand; finding a wife described as obtaining favour directly from God.
- Proverbs 3:3-4 — The promise that keeping love and faithfulness produces favour and good success in the sight of both God and man.
- Proverbs 24:16 — The righteous man defined not by perfection but by rising after every fall.
- Proverbs 31:10-31 — The portrait of the excellent wife as wisdom embodied in a life of faithfulness and creative generosity.
- Ecclesiastes 4:12 — The threefold cord image; used as the structural metaphor binding the three Proverbs strands together.
- Genesis 1:26 — God speaking in the plural before creating humanity in his image; the Trinitarian foundation beneath the communal design of marriage.
- Genesis 1:28 — God blessing humanity to be fruitful; fruitfulness as the immediate consequence of the favour extended at creation.
- Genesis 2:24 — The joining of husband and wife as one flesh; the original blueprint of covenant marriage.
- Genesis 6:5 — The universal corruption of humanity in Noah’s day; the backdrop that makes Noah’s favour all the more striking.
- Genesis 6:8-9 — Noah finding favour in God’s eyes because he was righteous and walked with God; the paradigm case for Proverbs 12:2.
- John 1:1-3 — The Word present with God from the beginning and the agent of all creation; New Testament confirmation of Proverbs 8’s portrait of wisdom.
- John 14:6 — Jesus as the way, the truth, and the life; his self-identification as the source of the life Proverbs 8:35 promises.
- 1 Corinthians 1:24 — Christ named explicitly as the wisdom of God; the New Testament key to unlocking Proverbs 8.
- Colossians 2:3 — All the treasures of wisdom and knowledge hidden in Christ; the fullness of Proverbs 8’s promise fulfilled in him.
- Ephesians 2:8-10 — Salvation by grace through faith leading to good works prepared beforehand; the theological ground of genuine goodness rather than moral performance.
- Ephesians 5:25-32 — Husbands loving wives as Christ loved the church; marriage revealed as a living image of Christ’s covenant love.
External References
- Augustine of Hippo — Confessions, Book I: “Our heart is restless, until it repose in Thee.” The restlessness that drives the search for wisdom as ultimately a search for God himself.
- C.S. Lewis — The Weight of Glory (1949): “We are far too easily pleased.” Lewis’s diagnosis of our willingness to settle for lesser satisfactions when wisdom, and the favour it carries, is available to us.
- N.T. Wright — Simply Christian (2006): Wright’s account of wisdom in Proverbs as a participation in the creative order of God, anticipating the full revelation of Christ as the logos in John’s Gospel.